Read the next few lines after the verse from John that OP posted.

I and the Father are one.” Again his Jewish opponents picked up stones to stone him, but Jesus said to them, “I have shown you many good works from the Father. For which of these do you stone me?” “We are not stoning you for any good work,” they replied, “but for blasphemy, because you, a mere man, claim to be God.” - John 10:30-33

Those listening to Him speak at the time understood His meaning. He was absolutely saying that He is God.

How else would you make sense out of statements like these?

Jesus said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, before Abraham was, I am.” - John 8:58

And he said to them, “I saw Satan fall like lightning from heaven. - Luke 10:18

A good one for this is John 17:3 (I think). Here he declares God the father as "the one true God" and also differentiates himself. So according to Jesus' own words, the father is "the one true God" and he is someone else, sent by God, the trinity can't be the one true God whom the father and Jesus both belong to

Correct. Jesus never referred to himself as God, as in the Father the self existent one is GOD. But Jesus has been given a throne, and is part of the 'Godhead', meaning he has been given equality with the Father in purpose that he did not seek on his own. So everything we see, feel, touch, taste ect, was created by the Son of God by having one purpose with his Father who is the original author of the idea of creation and created beings. Christ has been given much by his Father the self existent one.