Well, the problem isn't population control, it's controlling the population of radicals. India had a majority hindu population for thousands of years until the last few hundreds of years when muslims invaded northern India and tried to spread islam. Since then, they've been slaughtering not jus hindus but any non-muslims in the region. Their population has been increasing at an exponential rate for the last 60-70 years (after independence from Brittain) and a lot of border states have been radicalized to a point where muslims are a majority. The population control law (which hasn't passed yet) will limit the number of children to two, this limiting the exponential growth of the uneducated and radical Islamists.

Regarding the recent protests, all this shit show was started by commies after world war and during cold war when they offered their help against the Pakistan-USA-UK alliance that was ready to invade India. It was like making a deal with the devil. They infiltrated the education system and all the levels of government. In the last election cycle, the nationalists took control of the government (Modi) and have since been improving the system slowly.

All this outrage is due to their recent farming reforms which are targetting one of the major sources of income for corrupt officials, and naturally, all these demons are coming out against this action.

This is from the perspective of someone who has experienced the education system there and woken up to the shit show that Indian politics is.

Edit: Indian politics is too complex to explain in a single post, I can answer any specific questions that you guys have.