US National Institutes of Health -grant number R21AI130485, and from the Wellcome Trust-grant number 209336/Z/17/7.

Ethics statement The maintenance of animals and the experimental procedures used in this research program followed the Animal Care and Use Protocol which is approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunisia (2018/01/I/ES/IPT/V0). Infected dogs used in this research program were obtained from a previous study that was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunisia (IPT/UESV/27/2012). This work was performed under the Assurance of the US Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare [Assurance approval F-16-00170 (A5743-01)]