The Pope lucked his way into power. At first, he was just "the Bishop of Rome" and had no authority over the other bishops. Because the city of Rome was revered, and rather built up, it become the meeting places of many bishops throughout Europe. They then began to defer the Bishop of Rome for his decision-making.
Then an interesting thing happened: the Roman Senate (yes, from the Empire) was formally dissolved in the 10th century. There was no more Roman authority. The whole of Italy was dependent on the Senate and no longer had a leader. It then deferred to the Bishop of Rome. He become the de fact leader of the country - raising taxes, armies, and passing laws.
As he grew in power and wealth, political leaders in Europe sought his approval. So they also elevated his status beyond anything ever imagined.
The Pope lucked his way into power. At first, he was just "the Bishop of Rome" and had no authority over the other bishops. Because the city of Rome was revered, and rather built up, it become the meeting places of many bishops throughout Europe. They then began to defer the Bishop of Rome for his decision-making.
Then an interesting thing happened: the Roman Senate (yes, from the Empire) was formally dissolved in the 10th century. There was no more Roman authority. The whole of Italy was dependent on the Senate and no longer had a leader. It then deferred to the Bishop of Rome. He become the de fact leader of the country - raising taxes, armies, and passing laws.
As he grew in power and wealth, political leaders in Europe sought his approval. So they also elevated his status beyond anything ever imagined.
So, the Pope as it exists today, was an accident.
It is a fascinating study if you have a chance.
It wasn't luck.