I carry liquid cayenne in my purse. There was an article years ago that told of a doctor who would use it when hiking. A dropperful in a cup of water can stop a heart attack was the story line. A comment was that they can't taste it when having a heart attack, so just get them to drink it. I did try it once myself, and it wasn't as nearly as bad as my imagination made it out to be. I drank the whole cup.