How Peptides Might Work in ALS

-Inhibiting Toxic Protein Production: Some peptides are designed to block the cellular transport of mutant RNA and prevent the creation of toxic dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins, which are a hallmark of ALS.

• Protecting Neurons: Certain peptides, like SS-31, act as antioxidants, shielding neuronal cells from damage and death caused by oxidative stress.
• Reducing Neuroinflammation: Some peptides have demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, potentially slowing the progression of the disease by reducing the activation of glial cells (astrocytes and microglia).
• Promoting Neuronal Survival: Neurotrophic peptides, derived from proteins essential for brain development, are being investigated for their ability to promote the growth and survival of motor neurons.

Examples of Peptide Research in ALS

• DPR Inhibitors: A cell-permeable peptide has shown to prevent the production of toxic repeat proteins in cell and animal models, offering a therapeutic strategy for a common form of ALS.
• Antioxidant Peptides: The peptide SS-31 has been shown to protect neurons from cell death and improve motor performance in an ALS mouse model.
• Anti-inflammatory Peptides: A d-peptide (an all-d-enantiomeric peptide) has demonstrated the ability to reduce neuroinflammation and slow disease progression in a mouse model of ALS.

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