Shooting a film of this budget can be done in a month, many major big budget films are shot in three months on average. The basic script could have been floating around Hollywood for a while and they just make script changes during filming to reflect current themes. Scripts can be circulating around studios for years before getting picked up. Editing and post takes another month or two.
With Covid, and lockdown, it's pretty easy to get this to market fairly quickly. The goal of a film studio is to make money after all, produce something cheaply and quickly that people want to consume and make a profit. This film was a smart move financially for whatever studio produced it.