The Long Road to Today's Portland Cement: Ancient History:
Cement has been in use by humans throughout history; variations of the material were used up to 12,000 years ago, with the earliest archaeological discovery of consolidated whitewashed floor made from burned limestone and clay found in modern-day Turkey.
The Romans developed new masonry techniques, with which they could erect grand buildings with heavy foundations. One such development was "opus caementitium", a type of concrete made of lime with aggregates of sand and crushed rock. This was mostly used between masonry stones or bricks, serving as formwork. Other cements used crushed brick, tiles and ceramic pottery as aggregates. The Roman architect and engineer Marcus Vitruvius Polllio comprehensively described the knowledge and construction techniques of the time, which went on to to serve as the basis of building methods for hundreds of years.
Famous historical buildings made from concrete, still standing today, are the Colosseum and Pantheon in Rome, and the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul.
The Long Road to Today's Portland Cement: Ancient History:
Cement has been in use by humans throughout history; variations of the material were used up to 12,000 years ago, with the earliest archaeological discovery of consolidated whitewashed floor made from burned limestone and clay found in modern-day Turkey.
The Romans developed new masonry techniques, with which they could erect grand buildings with heavy foundations. One such development was "opus caementitium", a type of concrete made of lime with aggregates of sand and crushed rock. This was mostly used between masonry stones or bricks, serving as formwork. Other cements used crushed brick, tiles and ceramic pottery as aggregates. The Roman architect and engineer Marcus Vitruvius Polllio comprehensively described the knowledge and construction techniques of the time, which went on to to serve as the basis of building methods for hundreds of years.
Famous historical buildings made from concrete, still standing today, are the Colosseum and Pantheon in Rome, and the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul.
https://worldcementassociation.org/about-cement/our-history