Here's the current list I pulled - I work in supply chain management and deal a lot with textiles:

The three largest players collectively account for about 80 percent of world cotton business, they said.

1. Allenberg

2. Dunavant Enterprises

3. Cargill [CARG.UL]

4. Olam International (OLAM.SI)

5. Noble Group (NOBG.SI)

6. Plexus Cotton Ltd

7. Plains Cotton Growers Cooperative

8. Staplcotton Cooperative

9. Calcot Cotton Cooperative

Top cotton producing countries/regions in 2009/10 (USDA data in 480-lb bales)

1. China - 33.0 million bales

2. India - 25.0 million bales

3. United States - 13.25 million bales

4. Pakistan - 9.20 million bales

5. Central Asia - 6.56 million bales

6. Brazil - 5.50 million bales