Both episodes in the storyline: https://www.gateworld.net/wiki/Aschen_vaccine

A powerful anti-aging drug available to Earth citizens in an alternate future timeline, as well as a cure for a pandemic on the Aschen world of Volia several years before. In both cases, the vaccine intentionally causes an enormous amount of the population to become sterile in order to rapidly decrease the birthrate on a world within the Aschen Confederation. Almost a decade after the introduction of the drug about 91% of the population is unable to procreate.

The Aschen patiently wait perhaps twenty years for the vaccine to sweep into the genome of the entire race. Eventually there are so few individuals left that the advanced culture can effectively conquer the world, terraforming the planet so it is suitable for farming. In the process they often raise the remaining population themselves, brainwashing them into forgetting the past and providing maintenance to the farm land.

Synopsis of S5E10 "2001": https://www.gateworld.net/sg1/s5/2001/

Full Episode S5E10: https://123movies.net/watch/xRly8Zyd-stargate-sg-1-season-5/episode-10.html. Note that the episode is actually titled "2001"

Synopsis of S4E16 "2010": https://www.gateworld.net/sg1/s4/2010/; release date is 1-3-2001 on SkyOne and 1-12-2001 on Showtime.

Full Episode S4E16: https://123movies.net/watch/x5zoN3eG-stargate-sg-1-season-4/episode-16.html; It has been misnumbered or placed at the wrong location as episode 15 in many reviews and rankings for some reason.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Stargate_SG-1_episodes