I see your points.
I just don't know how to do you measure this.
I would think it would be based on the experiences of each person.
For Example:
I am black.
A white kid lived across the street from me.
When I would go out and play in the front yard.
I would see the kid playing in his front yard.
We would always look at each other.
One day his mom said he could go over.
So he crossed the street and said "What are you playing with".
He became one of my best friends that I know close to 40 years later.
And Scott proves what I am saying to be true.
Scott just created "In Group" preferences by reacting to a poll/study. He did not naturally think this way.
A poll made him scared (fear) blacks. So he reacted and said that whites just need to move away from blacks.
He wasn't born with this mindset. He was pushed into that mindset via a simple poll.
This is the power of polling and messaging. This is how in-group preferences are created.
Most of it is from fear-based statistics, videos, audio, text, etc.
Most of the people that fear another ethnic group. Have no real bonds with that group.
I see your points. I just don't know how to do you measure this.
I would think it would be based on the experiences of each person.
For Example:
I am black. A white kid lived across the street from me.
When I would go out and play in the front yard. I would see the kid playing in his front yard.
We would always look at each other.
One day his mom said he could go over. So he crossed the street and said "What are you playing with". He became one of my best friends that I know close to 40 years later.
So I just don't know how would you test for this.
The In Group perference comes from the parents who were taught to say away from other groups.
So they pass that mindset onto their kids.
That doesn't make logical sense.
What you are referring to is the idea that a young having a natural bond with their parents make sense.
What natural benefits would a young child get for having a biologically innate trait for the same groups?
A young kid's mind is very immature. They do not know cultural norms or values. This comes from their parent's teachings.
Send me a peer-reviewed study that explains in detail HOW they collected their sample.
I am assuming they used a Straffied Random Sample which is not the same as a true random sample.