I, without credentials, made an assertion about gravity that makes sense and defies flat-Earth. Then, by contrast, I engaged with the credibility of certain highly-credentialed shitheads. You hear everything (evidence) and assess proof, you hear everyone (interpretation) and factor for skew (bias); you extract that which makes the most sense. Credentials count as skew, not as evidence. Your first and third marks are invalid, and as an example, the simple understanding that Earth was a sphere(ish) had to defy them both.