In light of Q post 4962, thought it would be a good idea to share my research over several years regarding the Federal Reserve (the "Endless" as Q says).
There is A LOT of misinformation out there about the Federal Reserve. Much of it comes from research done many decades ago, using information that was pulled from what was going on in the early days. But the structure has changed over the years, which means if you use those arguments today, normies will call you out on being wrong by pointing to open source info. And they will be right about you being wrong, but they will also be wrong.
It is important to understand the truth. This is the truth, as best as I can determine, and nobody has ever pointed out anything wrong in my analysis. So, here goes ...
-- Part 1 of 3 --
What is money
Money is a medium of exchange. Nothing more. Before money, we all bartered. I have 2 goats and you have 4 pairs of hand-made shoes. I will trade you, even up.
Barter is inefficient. You might not want my goats, and maybe we don't agree on what the true value of the exchange is.
So, it is easier if I trade my goats for gold and silver coin, and then trade you some of my gold and silver coin for your shoes.
Why gold and silver have been considered money for over 5,000 years
Other things have been money, as well. The Romans used salt. That's where the word "salary" comes from.
But gold and silver have properties that make them great candidates for money to be used as a medium of exchange: they are portable, difficult to damage, exposing them to rain and snow does nothing to them, they can be divided into smaller amounts, they are fungible (your 1 ounce gold coin is the same gold as anybody else's). I forget all the elements that economists use to figure out what makes the most sense as a medium of exchange, but gold and silver have them all.
Side note: Many people think gold and silver are basically the same, and that if the silver/gold price ratio changes and favors silver, then buy silver.
But that is wrong.
Gold and silver are similar, but not the same. Gold is primarily a monetary metal, and has minimal industrial use. Silver is primarily industrial, and has lesser monetary use. Gold is much more valuable, so it is easier to store large sums of monetary value with it than silver. US$100,000 of gold can be carried in about 50 ounces of gold (3 pounds), but the same value of silver would be over 100 pounds.
Using gold bullion (bars) is even more efficient because they can be in larger monetary amounts and easily stacked and stored.
So, silver as a money is useful for small exchanges of value, but not for anything large or for storing value.
What are the Money Changers
As useful as gold and silver are, they are cumbersome to carry around. It is easy for someone to rob you of your coins. You would not want to carry around all your wealth in gold and silver coin.
So, somebody came up with the idea of "money changing," which was the beginning of banking. You put your gold and silver coin in my bank, I will store it in a protected vault, and I will issue you paper certificates showing the value that you have on storage.
Then, you can exchange your pieces of paper with other people in commerce, rather than the coins themselves. This is so much more convenient and safe, that people jumped on board this new "technology" like a 12-year old girl takes to a new smartphone.
As long as the people running these banks (all private companies) are honest, it works out great. Anytime I want my gold and silver coin (or bullion) back, I just go to the bank and exchange my paper certificates, and get my hard stuff.
This also gave the bank a large amount of money to watch over, and as long as you didn't mind, some of it could be loaned out as loans to others, in exchange for interest paid -- some of it to the money changer, and the rest to the owner of the gold/silver.
Several hundred years ago, the English Church outlawed usury (the charging of interest), and if you were a Christian, you could not charge interest.
However, the jews did not have that limitation. This is the main reason why so many jews became bankers, and changed their names to Goldsmith and Silverstein.
What is Fractional Reserve Banking
The problem is some of these bankers -- and especially the jewish bankers -- were not honest. They printed extra paper certificates, for more than the gold and silver that was actually in the vault. But nobody knew this. As long as there was not a "run on the bank" so that everybody wanted their gold and silver at the same time, they could get away with this fraud. They could spend their paper certificates for the same value as you could, even though yours were backed by real gold/silver and theirs was just "printed paper" with nothing to back it.
This was the real beginning of the scam.
This is why the "money changers" are often considered crooks. If they didn't print extra paper not backed by gold/silver, it would have been fine. But they did print it up, and it evolved into the normal way of doing business.
Today, the US government is $31 trillion in debt, in part due to this scheme.
What is a Trust versus a Corporation
Now, let's switch gears from money to legal business structures.
Today, we think of corporations as the normal way of doing business. But that is a recent development. Going back in history, individuals did business as sole proprietors, or joined with others in a partnership.
Somewhere in the 1500's, the English developed the use of trusts in more and more sophisticated ways.
This was out of necessity, as the various kings would send men off to war for the king, and then steal their property, especially if they died in war, leaving the man's family poor or even slaves (slavery existed and had primarily to do with punishment for crime and for the super poor).
So, men started creating trusts where the Church would be the trustee and hold their property (trusting them), to benefit their family if they did not come back from war.
Over time, this developed into using trusts in business, rather than sole proprietorship or partnerships.
If you have ever come across such terms as "business trust" or "common law trust" or "pure trust" it is because trusts were used as business structures. Corporations were not available to the common man.
The corporation was a special charter created by the king -- and ONLY the king. It offered limited liability to the investors in large projects, such as buying ships to explore the other side of the world.
Corporations were special charters created by the king, and trusts were used as business vehicles for everyone else.
America's first Central Bank - Why Alexander Hamilton is [their] hero
In 1791, the Bank of the United States was created to be the USA's central bank. Alexander Hamilton created it. This is why he is on the $10 bill. The criminal banksters love what he did to push a corrupt central bank on America.
What most people do not know is that the legal structure of the Bank of the United States was a trust, not a corporation. This is KEY to understanding a lot of things that would happen over time.
English law, which American law derived from, has hundreds of years of legal doctrines established. One of those was the "rule against perpetuities." This meant that a trust could not exist forever (like a modern day corporation can).
A trust could only exist for 21 years after the death of someone named in the trust. If you go back to the late 1800's and early 1900's and look at some of the business trust documents back then, you will find that they list dozens of individuals, including young children, so that the trust can last for 21 years after the death of the last surviving person listed.
But as a practical matter, business trusts were often just given a life of 20 years -- a nice, round number.
The Bank of the United States (a trust) had a life of 20 years, after which it would automatically expire and no longer exist.
That meant it would exist from 1791-1811, then would expire.
As 1811 approached, the banksters were in a panic to renew the central bank, to continue gaining control over the new American economy. But Thomas Jefferson was president until March 1809, and he was opposed to central banking.
He was followed by James Madison, who was a bit wishy washy on a lot of issues, but seems to have not been too enthusiastic at renewing the bank.
I believe this is why the British started the War of 1812. The banksters were beginning to loser their grip, so they went to war -- and lost. (Again)
America's second Central Bank - Why [they] hate Andrew Jackson
Although the British lost the War of 1812, they continued to push on the political side. The war ended in 1815, and they got their new Second Bank of the United States in 1816.
Madison had gone from opposing to supporting, and thus it came to be.
This, too, was in the legal form of a trust, with a life of 20 years. It would end in 1836.
Well, in 1836, Andrew Jackson was president, and he was an outspoken opponent of central banking.
Andrew Jackson ran for president with a big part of his platform being opposed to the banksters. He called them a "den of vipers."
They tried to assassinate him, and he told his VP it was the bankers who did it.
Once the second central bank's trust terminated, the USA was free of central banking for almost a century.
This was the most prosperous economic time in world history.
America's third Central Bank - The Federal Reserve
But they kept pushing for yet another central bank. I believe they tried to get one again in the late 1890's, but President McKinley stood in the way. He was assassinated.
By 1909, they had their man in the White House -- President Taft, an American traitor.
The banksters met at Jeckyll Island, Georgia in 1910. The legislation was written up, and the plan was put into action.
What happened in 1912
There were prominent businessmen tycoons who were opposed. They were invited to take a voyage on the greatest of new technology, the USS Titanic, and were lost at sea.
This set the stage for the criminal banksters to do their dirty work.
What happened in 1913
Sen. Nelson Aldrich, tied to the Rockefeller family, got the Federal Reserve Act passed the day before Christmas Eve, 1913.
This became the third central bank. It, too, was a trust, lasting 1913-1933.
What is the official narrative for why the Federal Reserve was established
The official reason given for creating a new central bank was to stop 3 problems that were pushed as the narrative as being very bad for Americans: depression/recession, bank failures, and inflation.
The inflation, recessions/depressions, and bank failures of the 1800's did occur, but because it was a true free market economy, they did not last long, and did not hurt most people.
All 3 of these reasons were a smoke screen. In fact, the worst depression ever was in the 1930's -- AFTER the central bank was established.
The worst banking crisis was in the 1980's with an entire sector (the savings and loan industry) going completely extinct -- AFTER the central bank was established.
The currency has been devalued over 90% since 1913, making inflation far worse now -- AFTER the central bank was established.
Their reasons were nonsense. But their lies worked in getting the legislation passed.
What is the REAL reason for why the Federal Reserve was established
The real reason to have a central bank is to steal the wealth of the masses, enrich the few insiders who run the central bank, and provide great wealth to be used in obtaining control of society, by buying politicians, businessmen, media, "scientists" (these days), etc. It is for wealth and power. Nothing more, nothing less.
The system is set up in such a way as to disguise its true purpose, and to hide the indi
-- Part 3 of 3 --
What is the REAL power of the Federal Reserve
The reason for this is that the REAL power of the Federal Reserve, which (remember) has a true purpose of stealing the wealth of everyone else and enriching the insiders, is to PRINT MONEY.
It comes full circle back to being money changers. They PRINT MONEY, thereby CAUSING inflation (not fighting it), and that money is like dropping a pebble in a pond.
The pebble makes a splash and causes ripples of waves in the water. The people at the center -- the ones who FIRST get the money changers' fake money -- get the richest.
The FR is not audited. Therefore, money can be printed, and "loaned" or paid as "consulting fees" or whatever, and THAT person or company gets basically free money to use AS IF it were real, like any other money.
THAT is the REAL power of any central bank.
Who has the REAL power of the Federal Reserve
So, HOW is this money printing done?
It is done through a process of buying and selling assets -- US Treasury Bills, Notes, and Bonds being the primary tool, but they have many others, as well.
They create money out of nothing and "buy" assets or "sell" assets to manipulate the money supply.
And HOW do they do this?
They do it through a process called "Open Market Operations." This buying and selling (using fake, printed money) is done through this process.
And guess what?
There is only ONE location where this is all done: at the New York Federal Reserve Bank.
ALL of the money printing (by the corrupt money changers) is done via Open Market Operations at the New York Federal Reserve Bank, the president of which oversees it, appointed by the directors of the NY Fed Bank, who are approved by the Board of Governors, who are selected by Citibank, JP Morgan, and possibly Goldman Sachs.
OK ... who has the REAL real power of the Federal Reserve?
Whoever controls the president of the NY Fed controls the printing of money AND also controls to whom loans and various other payments are paid out from the FR's profits ... BEFORE any money is paid out as a 6% dividend and "whatever is left over" goes to the US Treasury.
Who is that?
That would be Citibank, JP Morgan, and Goldman Sachs.
But who controls them?
Ah ... THAT is the real issue, isn't it?
You don't think the REAL power behind the system would be the CEO of Goldman Sachs, do you? No, that is a figure head.
The REAL power is behind the scenes.
Why is understanding John Rockefeller's Standard Oil Trust KEY to understanding the Federal Reserve
The real power is hidden from the public. My guess is that it would be done via contracts and trusts. If you read through John Rockefellers Standard Oil Trust Company document, you will see that corporations were starting to become a think back just over 100 years ago, and the trust was set up to control the corporations from behind the scenes, with just 9 people (the trustees) making all the decisions for dozens of corporations.
I assume that JD Rockefeller himself had OTHER written agreements with most or all of those trustees so that they would do what HE wanted done, and not just anything they wanted.
After all, Rockefeller followed the cabal's golden rule: He who has the gold makes the rules.
I cannot give you a list of who the individuals are behind the scenes who really pull the strings, because the system is designed to hide them from the public.
But they do exist, and they are the individuals who must be destroyed.
Here is a sample of Rockefeller's Standard Oil Trust, in a book written by a legal expert in trusts, published in 1911 (go to page 553 of the book for the Standard Oil Trust, created in 1882):
https://archive.org/details/trustestatesasbu00sear/page/564/mode/2up
There was a later one that I can't find at the moment, which listed dozens of corporations that the trust would control via complex ownership and control.
This is how the Federal Reserve System really works in the 21st century.
Probably no coincidence that also in 1933 was the passage of the 21st Amendment, which repealed the 18th Amendment of 1919. Prohibition. A handy pressure-release valve for the population which was just then getting fleeced financially, but now was allowed to openly consume the product that would dull their wits to what was being done to them. A diabolical win-win.