The Maccabean Revolt by the Jews of 167 BCE, drove out the Greek occupiers and established an independent kingdom of Israel. The Hasmonean family (who led the revolt) combined the office of the king with that of the high priest at the Temple in Jerusalem. Not everyone was happy with Hasmonean rule. Kings in Israel were to be from David's tribe, Judah, and the high priest had to descend from Zadok, the first high priest under Solomon; the Hasmoneans could claim neither line.
Haven't found it exactly yet, but ran out of time this morning, I'll look some more after work
https://www.worldhistory.org/Essenes/