I posted this earlier, but am reposting with a catchier title. The TLDR: The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) receives it's funding from the Federal Reserve, not congress. The Supreme Court deemed that it's legal to fund this way.
From: https://api.neonemails.com/emails/content/W2SgVUeIucJezpq0cZ7wn80_cWsqI92Yz15ncUA4ddI=
This morning, the Supreme Court preserved the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) by upholding the agency’s funding mechanism as constitutional in a 7-2 vote.
The justices’ decision caps a battle that marked the biggest legal threat to the CFPB since it was established in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis to crack down on predatory lending and enforce consumer protection laws.
Two lender trade associations, backed by business groups and all the nation’s Republican state attorneys general, contended the agency’s funding from the Federal Reserve violates Congress’s power of the purse. Writing for the majority, Justice Clarence Thomas rejected that argument and sided with the Biden administration. Conservative justices Samuel Alito and Neil Gorsuch dissented, writing that since the “earliest days” of the nation, Congress’s power of the purse has been its most “complete and effectual weapon.”
Established as part of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street reform law, lawmakers looked to insulate the CFPB by creating a funding mechanism outside Congress’s annual appropriations process. Republicans have long targeted the independent agency, lamenting that lawmakers have little control over it. Former House Speaker John Boehner (R-Ohio) and 132 Republican members of Congress filed briefs backing the challengers.
The high court acknowledged that the CFPB is “different” than other agencies but determined its method of drawing funds from the Federal Reserve System that its director has deemed “reasonably necessary to carry out” is constitutional.
Don't know. Congress specifically gave them an incredibly wide scope of operations, so there's lots of reasons not to like the CFPB in terms of government overreach, but I don't think that part was challenged in this case; just the funding mechanism which is rather unique.