And Sadam. But the one thing that everyone overlooked with both cases was the fact that both Sadam and Qaddafi protected the Christians from the jihadis. Sadam's inner circle of servants and personal security were ALL Christians. He believed that if a Christian martyred themselves, they would go to Hell, but if a Muslim martyrs himself he goes to Heaven. Weird, I know because Christians don't go to Hell for Martyrdom, but we won't martyr ourselves for just anything, like a jihadi will. But that's what he believed, so he didn't employ even a single Muslim in his palaces or personal security details. Qaddafi had a similar view of Muslim males, too. He didn't have a lot of Muslims in his employ, either. And I suspect Assad may be similar, as well.