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Did Earthworms Rewrite Their DNA to Survive on Land? BY FRANK SHERWIN, D.SC. (HON.) MONDAY, JULY 14, 2025
https://www.icr.org/article/did-earthworms-rewrite-their-dna
An earthworm news story was recently posted that openly questions Darwin’s gradual and slow evolutionary progress in the living world.1 The first paragraph of the EurekAlert! article defines the problem of the Darwinian gradualist approach that has been touted by non-evolutionists for well over a century: the missing links are missing.2–4 In fact, Darwin stated that the lack of fossil evidence was “perhaps the most obvious and serious objection which can be urged against the theory [of evolution].”5
This EurekAlert! earthworm genome article then presents an alternative to Darwinian gradualism—the infamous punctuated equilibrium model of Gould and Eldredge that was proposed in 1972.
Actually, evolutionists don’t mention missing links much anymore. With the introduction of “punctuated equilibrium” in the early 70s, they seem to have made their peace with the lack of transitional forms in the fossil record. Their claim is that basic animal types exhibited “stasis” (or equilibrium) for a long period, but they changed rapidly (punctuation) as the environment underwent rapid change, so rapidly they had little opportunity to leave fossils. Thus we wouldn’t expect to find transitional forms or missing links. Fair enough, but the fact is we don’t find them. Evolution says they did exist, but we have no record of them. Creation says they never existed, and agree that we have no record of them.6
Punctuated equilibrium is supposedly a fast-acting genetic mechanism that reorganized the entire genome of oceanic worms, according to Spanish evolutionists. But the scientists make a massive and unscientific extrapolation and suggest that this is part of the reason ocean creatures transitioned to land. The ScienceDaily article stated (quoting researcher Rosa Fernández),
The analysis of these genomes has revealed an unexpected result: the annelids’ genomes were not transformed gradually, as Neo-Darwinian theory would predict, but in isolated explosions of deep genetic remodelling. “The enormous reorganisation of the genomes we observed in the worms as they moved from the ocean to land cannot be explained with the parsimonious mechanism Darwin proposed; our observations chime much more with Gould and Eldredge’s theory of punctuated equilibrium.”7
The biologists “sequenced for the first time the high-quality genome of various earthworms, and compared to [sic] them to other closely related annelid species (leeches and bristle worms or polychaetes).”7 Sequencing genomes of creatures alive today is empirical science. What they could not do is go back 200 million years to when the annelid ancestors were still alive and make a genetic analysis. Indeed, polychaete worms have no evolutionary ancestors. They are the only annelids to have a fossil record going back to the early Cambrian (the Atdabanian). They have always been polychaete worms, and leeches have always been leeches.
Leeches are a unique group of annelids arising from an ancestor that would be characterized as a freshwater oligochaete worm. Comparative biology of the oligochaetes and the leeches reveals that body plan changes in the oligochaete-to-leech transition probably occurred by addition or modification of the terminal steps in embryonic development and that they were likely driven by a change in the feeding behavior in the ancestor of leeches.8 (emphasis added)
Vargas-Chavez et al. stated in their Nature article about the supposed “origin of non-marine annelids” that these worms “exhibit a remarkable tolerance for chromosomal rearrangements,”9 but this is not evolution.
This annelid news story is extremely theoretical, appealing to hypothetical, unobserved ancestors that supposedly lived over 200 million years ago and underwent a major evolutionary transition, doing so with great precision.
After putting together each of the genomic jigsaw puzzles, the team was able to travel back in time with great precision more than 200 million years, to when the ancestors of the sequenced species were alive. “This is an essential episode in the evolution of life on our planet, given that many species, such as worms and vertebrates, which had been living in the ocean, now ventured onto land for the first time.” comments Rosa Fernández.7
Ironically, in humans this “extreme genetic reorganisation”7 is found only in cancer cells: “The only difference is that while these genomic breakdowns and reorganisations are tolerated by the worms, in humans they lead to diseases.”7 This should tell the reader something.
To conclude, there is no way to go back in time to observe the movement of worms from ocean to land for the first time. Even the fossil record offers no documentation, according to Dr. Michael Ishida of Cambridge: “’Since fossil evidence is limited, we have an incomplete picture of how ancient life made the transition to land.’”10 But evolutionary theory says the worms did transition; therefore, the significant reorganization of the worm’s genomes must be shoehorned within this strange ocean-to-land context.
Non-evolutionists see the fascinating genomic mechanisms within these worms as worthy of more research, especially since “the chromosomes of these modern worms are much more flexible than those of vertebrates and other model organisms.”7 But the investigation should not be shackled by evolutionary (either Darwinian gradualism or punctuated equilibrium) interpretations.
References
Earthworms Reveal an Evolutionary Mechanism Which Could Defy Darwin. Spanish National Research Council. Posted on eurekalert.org June 18, 2025. Sherwin, F. A Four-Legged Snake? Creation Science Update. Posted on ICR.org December 16, 2021. Thomas, B. More Evolutionists Say ‘Ida’ Is Not a Missing Link. Creation Science Update. Posted on ICR.org March 19, 2010. Sherwin, F. Is a Spiny Slug the Mollusc’s Ancestor? Creation Science Update. Posted on ICR.org October 24, 2024. Darwin, C. 1859. On the Origin of the Species. London: John Murray. Morris, J. 2006. What’s a Missing Link? Acts & Facts. 35 (4). Defying Darwin: Scientists Discover Worms Rewrote Their DNA to Survive on Land. Spanish National Research Council. Posted on sciencedaily.com June 18, 2025. Kuo, D. and Y. Lai. 2019. On the Origin of Leeches by Evolution of Development. Developmental Growth and Differentiation. 61 (1): 31. Vargas-Chavez, C. et al. An Episodic Burst of Massive Genomic Rearrangements and the Origin of Non-Marine Annelids. Nature. Posted on nature.com June 18, 2025. ‘Paleo-Robots’ Provide an Experimental Approach for Understanding how Fish Started to Walk on Land. University of Cambridge. Posted on phys.org October 23, 2024.
Dr. Sherwin is a science news writer at the Institute for Creation Research. He earned an M.A. in invertebrate zoology from the University of Northern Colorado and received an honorary doctorate of science from Pensacola Christian College.
Are scientists the least trusting individuals or the most trusting individuals, or neither?
Do they really know trustworthiness?
One thing I do know is that they are masters in getting financed and grants to support them. So many scam artists! I found out this guy in my town managed to finance part of his farm and business by applying for a grant to see if chickens can be fed table scraps. Seriously. He was awarded 25k to start a composting business based on collecting peoples compostable waste, break it down, feed it to his hens, and also bag up his compost and sell it. Then hens never live past a year, he gets the pullet eggs and then slaughters them as fryers and sells them too. Now this is not deep science, but his grant was considered agricultural science. Ive had chickens for almost 50 years. I wish I had the smarts to know how to get 25 k for feeding them leftovers.By the way,, these chickens would never live past a year, they were sold as fryers because they were so skinny, and the eggs had that pale yellow yolk that you see coming from hens that live in factory farms.
As I was driving home yesterday, I was driving on an industrial road that connects the interstate to my neighborhood. I was surprised to see that the Amazon distribution center was closed. The parking lot was empty including their delivery vehicles and the gate was chained and locked.
Really?
That's interesting. Since we've been talking about the Amazon fulfillment centers, I just read on my local FB page the ICE agents came and raided 2 towns next door.
Spot price of silver 48.76
Posted for our frens who dont check it everyday.
Where has our fren u/JohnTitor17 been? He has seemingly vanished. I hope everything is okay. With 3iAtlas headed this way it’s a big news week for him.
The propaganda around the outer space thing coming to earth coupled with Trump saying the Nuc testing now seems to be the same subject. Like project blue beam is the start of ww4 -hot version.
Just seems to be the same machine behind the Covid hoax is working on this too. Before Covid I knew it was in the works and because of their previous attempts with mad cow, bird flu, and so on I just shrugged it off… until scarf lady said two-weeks…..
That seems to be something going on with this. People will believe aliens are attacking but it is ww4 bombs?
We shall see but it is interesting.
Not exactly sure what you are saying. How is nuclear weapons related to aliens?
The timing of both. Trump saying nuclear testing now and the alien mothership is coming to earth added together seems interesting.
As far as the media as reported such blatant falsehoods the last decade of a nuclear bomb attack happened somewhere it would not surprise me if the fake media reports it was the alien mothership or comet hitting the earth.
A nuclear bomb wiped out say South Africa and the cover is this comet or alien mothership.
Word of the Day: lum·pen·pro·le·tar·i·at /ˌləmpənˌprōləˈterēət/ noun (especially in Marxist terminology) the unorganized and unpolitical lower orders of society who are not interested in revolutionary advancement.
https://www.icr.org/article/long-non-coding-rnas-unsung-heroes/
References
The beginning section of this article contains revised material from Tomkins, J. P. 2017. Pervasive Genome Function Debunks Junk DNA. Acts & Facts. 46 (5): 14. Carninci, P. et al. 2005. The Transcriptional Landscape of the Mammalian Genome. Science. 309 (5740): 1559–1563. Djebali, S. et al. 2012. Landscape of Transcription in Human Cells. Nature. 489 (7414): 101–108. Amaral, P. P. et al. 2008. The Eukaryotic Genome as an RNA Machine. Science. 319 (5871): 1787–1789. St. Laurent, G., C. Wahlestedt, and P. Kapranov. 2015. The Landscape of Long Noncoding RNA Classification. Trends in Genetics. 31 (5): 239–251. Statello, L. et al. 2021. Gene Regulation by Long Non-Coding RNAs and Its Biological Functions. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 22 (2): 96–118. Zhao, L. et al. 2021. NONCODEV6: An Updated Database Dedicated to Long Non-Coding RNA Annotation in Both Animals and Plants. Nucleic Acids Research, Database Issue. 49 (D1): D165–D171. Walter, N. G. 2023. Are Non-Protein Coding RNAs Junk or Treasure? BioEssays. 46 (4): e2300201. Mattick, J. S. et al. 2023. Long Non-Coding RNAs: Definitions, Functions, Challenges and Recommendations. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 24 (6): 430–447. Mattick, J. S. 2023. Enhancers Are Genes That Express Organization RNAs. Frontiers in RNA Research. 1: 1194526. Arunkumar, G. 2024. LncRNAs: The Good, the Bad, and the Unknown. Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 102 (1): 9–27. Even many protein-coding genes in humans still have unknown functions because of the ethical limitations of conducting research with human subjects. Human cells grown in the lab are commonly studied for RNA transcription from both protein and non-coding RNA genes, but they’re not necessarily indicative of what goes on inside a living human being. Tomkins, J. P. 2025. Gene Complexity Showcases Engineered Versatility. Acts & Facts. 54 (1): 14–17. International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium. 2004. Finishing the Euchromatic Sequence of the Human Genome. Nature. 431 (7011): 931–945. Hall, L. L. et al. 2014. Stable C0T-1 Repeat RNA Is Abundant and Is Associated with Euchromatic Interphase Chromosomes. Cell. 156 (5): 907–919. Tomkins, J. P. 2024. Small Heritable RNAs Pack a Big Adaptive Punch. Acts & Facts. 53 (1): 12–15. Ye, W. et al. 2021. Comprehensive Analysis of Hub mRNA, lncRNA and miRNA, and Associated ceRNA Networks Implicated in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idella) Growth Traits. Genomics. 113 (6): 4004–4014. Lv, W. et al. 2024. Multi-Omics Approaches Uncovered Critical mRNA–miRNA–lncRNA Networks Regulating Multiple Birth Traits in Goat Ovaries. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 25 (22): 12466. DNA is double-stranded with information running on both strands. Tomkins, J. P. 2024. RNA Editing: Adaptive Genome Modification on the Fly. Acts & Facts. 53 (2): 14–17. Collinge, J. E. et al. 2008. Latitudinal and Cold-Tolerance Variation Associate with DNA Repeat- Number Variation in the Hsr-omega RNA Gene of Drosophila melanogaster. Heredity. 101 (3): 260–270. Livraghi, L. et al. 2024. A Long Noncoding RNA at the Cortex Locus Controls Adaptive Coloration in Butterflies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 121 (36): e2403326121. Jin, Z. et al. 2024. Current Perspectives of lncRNAs in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. Frontiers in Plant Science. 14: 1334620. Dr. Tomkins is a research scientist at the Institute for Creation Research and earned his Ph.D. in genetics from Clemson University.